Anti-National Kaun?

Jab bhi koi sadak par utarta hai, sarkar se sawaal poochta hai, ek purana ilzaam turant taiyaar rehta hai: Desh ke khilaf, Anti-national.

Har mulk mein, kai dafa satta ne dissent ko isi bhasha mein dekha hai, khatra, gaddari, rashtra-virodhi. Aur kai baar, kuch dashak baad, itihaas ne un faislon ko naye nazariye se dekha hai.

NEET-UG paper leak aur exam irregularities ko lekar shuru hui student-led campaign, hafton se Jantar Mantar par chal rahi thi, ek mahine se zyada waqt se. Students the, unke parents the, aur woh log bhi jo hafton se yahan dat kar baithe the. Phir 20 July aaya, Parliament ke monsoon session ka pehla din. Us din march ke dauraan police ne lathi charge kiya, tear gas chalaya. Protesters ne kaha ki unke saath zyadti hui, police action ke baad unka camp hata diya gaya, tambu aur stage tak ukhaad diye gaye. Lekin iske baad bhi protesters wapas laut aaye, aur camp phir se laga liya.

Kai logon ne is poore ghatnakram ko phir wahi purana naam diya, Disruption, Anarchy, kuch logon ne toh ise Anti-National tak keh diya. Jabki jo log sadak par the, unki maang saaf thi. Shiksha Mantri Dharmendra Pradhan ka istifa. Wangchuk ki bina shart rihaai. Aur un parivaron ke liye ek crore rupaye ka muawza jinka daawa hai ki unke bachchon ne paper leak ke baad exam ke tanaav mein aatmahatya kar li thi. Yeh sawaal sirf Dilli ka nahi hai. Yeh sawaal duniya ne kayi baar poocha hai, aur kayi baar galat jawab diya hai.

Jab Rashtra Ki Suraksha Khud Ek Bahana Ban Jaati Hai

1963 mein, Martin Luther King Jr ki famous speech “I Have a Dream” ke do din baad, FBI ke ek internal memo mein unhe sabse khatarnak Negro likha gaya, communism aur national security ke nazariye se. FBI ne unke ghar aur daftar ke phones tap kiye aur agle kai saalon tak unki har harkat par nazar rakhi. Par aaj Amrika mein King ka janamdin ek national holiday hai.

Apne hi mulk mein bhi yeh kahani dohrayi gayi. 1922 mein British sarkar ne Mahatma Gandhi par sedition ka mukadma chalaya unke lekhon ke liye jinmein unhone civil disobedience ka aahvaan kiya tha. Judge ne khud kaha ki agar kanoon ijazat deta, toh woh khush hote Gandhi jaise insaan ko chhod dene mein, lekin kanoon ke tehat unhe 6 saal ki saza sunayi gayi. Iske baad bhi Gandhi ji baar baar jail gaye, Salt March ke liye, Quit India ke liye, har baar colonial sarkar ki nazar mein woh khatra the, sirf isliye ki unhone kabhi hathiyar nahi uthaya, sirf sawaal poochte rahe.

Aaj unka janamdin, 2 October, Bharat mein rashtriya chhutti hai, aur duniya bhar mein International Day of Non-Violence ke roop mein manaya jaata hai.

Sawaal sirf King ya Gandhi ka nahi hai, sawaal yeh hai ki “seditious” aur “anti-national” jaise lafz waqt ke saath kitni baar apna matlab badalte rahe hain.

Yeh Sawaal Bharat Mein Bhi Utna Hi Purana Hai

1919 mein Rowlatt Act ne bina trial ke logon ko kaid karne ki chhoot de di thi. Amritsar mein log Jallianwala Bagh mein shanti se jama hue the, isi kaanoon ke khilaf. General Dyer ne goli chalwa di. Sainkdo log mare gaye, nihatthe. Colonial kanoon ke tehat is bheed ko illegal assembly maana gaya tha. Kanooni tark apni jagah the. Lekin jo hua, woh shanti se jama logon par goli chalana tha.

Jin logon ne ye goliyan chalte dekhi thi, unhone tees saal baad jab kalam uthai, toh yeh sab apni aankhon ke saamne rakha. Isiliye Constituent Assembly ne jaan bujhkar Article 19(1)(a) aur 19(1)(b) mein bhashan aur shanti-poorvak jama hone ka adhikaar likha, taaki koi bhi sarkar dobara kisi shanti se jama hue log ko sirf isliye na kuchal sake ki unki baat sunna asuvidhajanak lag raha hai.

Yeh adhikaar sirf kagaz par nahi hai. 2011 mein Anna Hazare Lokpal Bill ki maang lekar Jantar Mantar baithe. Sarkar ne unki maang jaldi maan li aur fast khatam ho gaya. Lekin mahino baad, jab unhone dubara fast ki baat kahi, unhe pehle hi arrest kar liya gaya. Isi giraftari ne desh bhar mein candlelight marches shuru kar diye, aur movement Ramlila Maidan pahunch gaya, jahan aakhir Parliament ko samjhauta karna pada.

2012 ke Nirbhaya case ke baad India Gate logon se bhar gaya. Police ne water cannon aur tear gas ka istemal kiya, lekin us public outrage ke baad criminal law reforms aur fast-track courts ki raah bani. RTI Act bhi sirf ek sarkari pehal ka nateeja nahi tha. Uske peeche saalon tak civil society aur grassroots campaigns ka dabaav tha.

Loktantra mein dissent ek feedback mechanism ki tarah kaam karta hai. Election paanch saal mein ek baar hote hain. Protest unke beech ki baatcheet hote hain.

Sabse gehra khatra tab paida hota hai jab log yeh maan lete hain ki chup rehna hi surakshit hai.

Aur Jab Suna Hi Nahi Jaata

Kabhi kabhi sarkar sunti nahi, aur uski keemat bahut badi hoti hai.

1974 mein Bihar se ek student movement shuru hua tha, mehengai aur berozgari ke khilaf. Jayaprakash Narayan iss movement ke saath jud gaye, aur unhone ise “Total Revolution” ka naam diya. JP ne Indira Gandhi ko resign karne ki public appeal bhi ki thi. Sarkar ne is dissent ko suna nahi, kuchla. Jawab mein June 1975 mein Emergency laga di gayi. Press par censorship, opposition leaders ki giraftari, forced sterilizations, saare fundamental rights suspend. Yeh 21 mahine chala. Aur jab 1977 mein election hue, Indira Gandhi khud apni seat haar gayi. Aaj bhi Emergency ko Indian political itihas ka kala adhyay maana jaata hai.

Isi tarah 2020 mein teen farm laws laaye gaye. Farmers ne Delhi border par saal bhar dharna diya. Sarkar ne mahino tak inhe suna nahi, unhe misguided bata diya gaya. November 2021 mein Prime Minister ne khud maana ki woh farmers ko samjha nahi paaye, aur teeno kanoon wapas le liye gaye.

History mein ek pattern baar-baar ubharta hai. Sarkarein aksar kisi ek bade faisle se nahi, chhoti-chhoti ansuniyon se apni credibility khona shuru karti hain. Har ignored warning aur har ansuna sawaal us bharose ko thoda aur kamzor kar deta hai jiske sahare democracy chalti hai.

Toh Anti-National Kaun?

Yeh koi kanooni shabd nahi hai, aur Constitution mein iski koi paribhasha nahi hai. Aksar iska istemal ek rajnitik tag ke roop mein kiya jaata hai, taaki asahmati ko rashtra-virodh ke roop mein pesh kiya ja sake.

Loktantra mein sarkar aur rashtra ek hi cheez nahi hote. Sarkarein badalti rehti hain, har paanch saal, kabhi usse pehle bhi. Rashtra bana rehta hai. Kisi sarkar se asahmati, desh se asahmati nahi hoti.

Isi farak ko bhoolna loktantra ki sabse badi galtiyon mein se ek hai.

Jab sarkar khud ko rashtra samajhne lage, tab uske khilaf har sawaal desh ke khilaf lagne lagta hai.

Lekin loktantra ki khoobsurti hi yeh hai ki sarkar se sawaal poochna, rashtra se wafadaari ka hi ek tareeka hai.

Kisi bhi loktantra ki sehat is baat se nahi maapi jaati ki wahan kitne protest hote hain, balki is baat se maapi jaati hai ki protest karne walon ko kitni jaldi “desh ka dushman” keh diya jaata hai. Dissent ka matlab rashtra se nafrat nahi hota, iska matlab hota hai ki logon ko abhi bhi samvidhan aur democracy par bharosa hai.

Toh anti-national kaun hai? Woh awaam jo sarkar se accountability maangti hai, ya woh sarkar jo infrastructure ki failure ho, exam conduct ki gadbadi ho, ya policing ki chook, har baar chuppi saadh leti hai, bina kisi jawabdehi ke?